It shares some characteristics with internet and Telex speak following from how its evolution is rather symbiotic to the evolution of use of shorthand in chat rooms. Together with the difficulty and inefficiency in creating messages, it led the desire for a more economical language for the new medium. It follows from how early SMS permitted only 160 characters and that carriers began charging a small fee for each message sent (and sometimes received). It seeks to use the fewest letters to produce ultra-concise words and sentiments in dealing with the space, time, and cost constraints of text messaging. SMS language is similar to telegraphs' language where charges were by the word. 5.1 Differences between male and female use of SMS language.4.3.1 Effect on verbal language use and communication.4.2.1 Effect on verbal language use and literacy.3.3 A single letter or digit can replace a word, syllable, or phoneme.2.5.2 Emoji, asterisk emoting, and emoticons.2.5 Paralinguistic and prosodic features.
2.4 Pictograms and logograms (rebus abbreviation).2.2.1 Pragmatics and context in interpretation of ambiguous shortenings.2.2 Reductions and shortenings, and omission of parts of speech.